What technology do flight simulators use to train astronauts before missions?

Flight simulators that train astronauts primarily utilize virtual reality technology. Virtual reality immerses users in a computer-generated environment that replicates real-world scenarios, making it particularly effective for complex training exercises like those required for space missions. Through this technology, astronauts can experience realistic simulations of spacecraft operations, including various scenarios they might encounter in space, which aids in both operational training and problem-solving skills under simulated conditions.

Virtual reality’s ability to create detailed, interactive environments helps astronauts develop a familiarity with their craft, understand the intricacies of their missions, and practice emergency procedures in a safe setting, thereby enhancing their preparedness for actual flights.

Other options, while related to training technologies, do not encompass the full immersive experience offered by virtual reality. Augmented reality, for instance, overlays digital information on the real world but doesn't fully replace it as virtual reality does. Simulation hardware refers to the physical components of a simulator but without the immersive digital experience that virtual reality provides, limiting the training effectiveness. Artificial Intelligence may play a role in assessing performance or creating adaptive learning environments but is not the primary technology used for the immersive training aspect provided by flight simulators.